Nuclear Localization of HopA1Pss61 Is Required for Effector-Triggered Immunity

Plant resistance proteins recognize cognate pathogen avirulence (also named effectors) to implement the innate immune responses called effector-triggered immunity. Previously, we reported that hopA1 from Pseudomonas syringae pv. strain 61 was identified as an avr gene for Arabidopsis thaliana. Using a forward genetic screen approach, cloned hopA1-specific TIR-NBS-LRR class disease gene, RESISTANCE TO PSEUDOMONAS SYRINGAE6 (RPS6). Many indirectly effectors, and RPS6 is thought interact with HopA1Pss61 by surveillance of effector target. However, involved target protein currently unknown. Here, show only R recognizes in wild-type Col-0 accession. Both are co-localized nucleus cytoplasm. also distributed plasma membrane plasmodesmata. Interestingly, nuclear localization required induce cell death NES-HopA1Pss61 suppresses level Nicotiana benthamiana. In addition, planta expression hopA1Pss61 led defense responses, such dwarf morphology, response, inhibition bacterial growth, increased accumulation marker transgenic Arabidopsis. Functional characterization will provide important piece ETI puzzle.